■ HVC: 喷水式真空预冷 | ■ FA-EC: 强制蒸发冷风 |
■ VC: 真空预冷 | ■ PI: 冰袋冷却 |
■ HC: 水预冷 | ■ R: 冷库冷却 |
■ FA: 强风冷 |
商品 | 储存温度 | 相对湿度* % | 最高冰点 | 存储寿命 | 适用的冷却方法 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
°C | °F | °C | °F | ||||
苹果 | 5 | 40 | 90-95 | -1.5 | 29.3 | 1-2 months | FA, R, HC |
杏 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -1.1 | 30 | 1-3 weeks | R, FA |
豆类 | |||||||
利马豆 | 5-6 | 41-43 | 95 | -0.5 | 31 | 5-7 days | HC, FA |
青豆、菜豆荚 | 4-7 | 40-45 | 95 | -0.7 | 30.7 | 7-10 days | HC, FA |
浆果 | |||||||
黑莓 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -0.8 | 30.6 | 3-6 days | FA |
蓝莓 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -1.3 | 29.7 | 10-18 days | FA |
接骨木浆果 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -1.1 | 30.0 | 5-14 days | FA |
草莓 | 0 | 32 | 90-95 | -0.8 | 30.6 | 7-10 days | VC, FA |
西兰花 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.5 | 31.0 | 10-14 days | HC, FA, PI |
卷心菜 | |||||||
娃娃菜 | 0 | 32 | 98-100 | -0.9 | 30.4 | 3-6 weeks | VC, FA |
卷心菜 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.9 | 30.4 | 5-6 months | VC, FA |
胡萝卜 | |||||||
不成熟的 | 0 | 32 | 98-100 | -1.4 | 29.5 | 10-14 days | VC, HC, PI, FA |
花椰菜 | 0 | 32 | 95-98 | -0.8 | 30.6 | 3-4 weeks | VC, FA |
羽衣 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.5 | 31.1 | 10-14 days | VC, HVC, FA, R |
甜玉米 | 0 | 32 | 95-98 | -0.5 | 31.0 | 5-8 days | VC, HC, PI, FA |
黄瓜 | 10-12 | 50-54 | 85-90 | -0.5 | 31.1 | 10-14 days | VC, R, FA, FA-EC |
茄子 | 10-12 | 50-54 | 90-95 | -0.8 | 30.6 | 1-2 weeks | VC, R, FA, FA-EC |
新鲜无花果 | 0 | 31-32 | 85-90 | -2.4 | 27.6 | 7-10 days | R |
羽衣甘蓝 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.5 | 31.1 | 10-14 days | VC, HVC, R, FA |
韭葱 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.7 | 30.7 | 2 months | VC, HC, PI |
生菜 | 0 | 32 | 98-100 | -0.2 | 31.7 | 2-3 weeks | VC, HVC, FA, HC |
瓜 | |||||||
哈密瓜 | 2-5 | 36-41 | 95 | -1.2 | 29.9 | 2-3 weeks | HC, FA, PI, FA-EC |
甘露 | 5-10 | 41-50 | 85-90 | -1.1 | 30.1 | 3-4 weeks | FA, R, FA-EC |
油桃 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -0.9 | 30.3 | 2-4 weeks | FA, HC |
秋葵 | 7-10 | 45-50 | 90-95 | -1.8 | 28.7 | 7-10 days | R, FA, FA-EC |
洋葱 | |||||||
成熟的,干的 | 0 | 32 | 65-70 | -0.8 | 30.6 | 1-8 months | R, FA |
绿色的 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.9 | 30.4 | 3 weeks | HVC, PI, HC |
欧芹 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -1.1 | 30 | 1-2 months | HC, PI |
桃子 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -0.9 | 30.3 | 2-4 weeks | FA, HC |
梨子 | -2-0 | 29-31 | 90-95 | -1.7 | 29.0 | 2-7 months | FA, HC, R |
青椒 | |||||||
柿子椒 | 7-10 | 45-50 | 95-98 | -0.7 | 30.7 | 2-3 weeks | VC, R, FA, FA-EC |
辣椒 | 5-10 | 41-50 | 85-95 | -0.7 | 30.7 | 2-3 weeks | VC, R, FA, FA-EC |
柿子 | 0 | 32 | 90-95 | -2.2 | 28.0 | 2-3 months | R |
李子和梅子 | 0 | 31-32 | 90-95 | -0.8 | 30.5 | 2-5 weeks | FA, HC, R |
南瓜 | 12-15 | 54-59 | 50-70 | -0.8 | 30.5 | 2-3 months | R |
萝卜 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.7 | 30.7 | 1-2 months | HC, R, PI |
大头菜 | 0 | 32 | 98-100 | -1.1 | 30.1 | 4-6 months | HC, R, PI |
菠菜 | 0 | 32 | 95-100 | -0.3 | 31.5 | 10-14 days | VC, HVC, FA, HC |
西红柿 | |||||||
成熟的-绿色 | 10-13 | 50-55 | 90-95 | -0.5 | 31.1 | 2-5 weeks | FA, FA-EC, R |
成熟的 | 8-10 | 46-50 | 85-90 | -0.5 | 31.1 | 1-3 weeks | FA, FA-EC, R |
萝卜根 | 0 | 32 | 95 | -1.1 | 30.1 | 4-5 months | HC, PI, FA |
西瓜 | 10-15 | 50-59 | 90 | -0.4 | 31.3 | 2-3 weeks | FA, HC, R |
*相对湿度: 相对湿度也影响水果和蔬菜的质量和货架寿命。低湿度是引起商品水分损失和商品价值下降的重要原因之一。果蔬含有80%到85%的水分. 果蔬细胞间隙的相对湿度(RH)为99%上下。如果果蔬周围的湿度小于99%,则水分将会流失至空气中。在储存空间加大湿度可抑制水分流失。打蜡、修建和包装商品在塑料袋中也可减少水分的损失。 |